Cyclic peptides often exhibit low membrane permeability which can be significantly improved via amide-to-ester substitutions—as demonstrated by researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo ...

Tsukuba, Japan—Cyclic molecules are used in a wide range of applications, including molecular sensing, because they can incorporate specific molecules of interest into their inner cavities.

The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...