Thoracic surgery — the treatment of diseases of the lungs, airways and chest — has changed more in the last 30 years than in the century before it. For patients, that evolution now means smaller ...

A chest wall deformity is an abnormality in the ribs, sternum (or breastbone), cartilage, and other tissues in your child’s chest. The chest wall protects vital organs like the heart and lungs and ...

The field of general thoracic surgery field evolved from general surgery in the early 1900s, largely as a response to chest morbidities prevalent at the time, including pulmonary tuberculosis and ...

There are two main types of chest wall deformity: pectus carinatum, or pigeon chest, and pectus excavatum, or funnel chest. The former pushes out; the latter sinks in. Though there can be a genetic ...